測量一般人的同理心量表

測量一般人的同理心量表

同理心是一個複雜但是十分重要的能力,特別是對於經常需要處理人與人之間相處的工作尤其重要,例如醫療專業人員。近來更是連警察都被要求需要有同理心,稱呼別人要小心(新聞)。

先前回顧了許多測量醫療專業人員的同理能力高低的量表,但有沒有測量非醫療專業人員的工具呢?

我從scopus搜尋了幾個關鍵字,包含了empathymeasurementtoolassessmentreliabilityvalidity等,並在幾篇回顧性文章的幫助之下找到了不少測量非醫療專業人員的測量工具。其中絕大多是自陳式量表,用來評估填答者自身的同理心能力或是人格特質,少部份是認知測驗。

若是要評估他人的同理心的量表非常的稀少。目前只有看到有:

評估他人的同理能力的量表非常的稀少這一點並不意外,畢竟一般人在生活中鮮有需要去評估他人同理心能力高低的時候。就算有,通常也只要自己在心裡面有個底就好,不需要實際上量化出來。除非像是伴侶接受伴侶治療時,也許治療師需要評估一下伴侶雙方對對方的感受時需要,又或者父母想要了解孩子的同理(心智)發展的情況,才需要將其量化。

因此,若要發展一般人使用的同理心評估量表,自評的看來已有不少現存工具。若要評他人的同理心能力,也許需要先想想使用的情境,畢竟機會真的不多。

測驗清單

File 模型 目標對象 測量方式
青少年復原力量表 reflective 青少年 自評
interpersonal reactivity inventory reflective 一般人 自評
Toronto Empathy Questionnaire
  • reflective
一般人 自評
short form Empathy Quotient reflective 一般人 自評
Perceived empathy in online community formative 一般人 自評他人
Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES) reflective 一般人 自評
Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) reflective 一般人 自評
Empathy Quotient reflective
  • 一般人
自評
Basic Empathy Scale (BES) reflective
  • 青少年
  • 一般人
自評
Feeling and Thinking Scale reflective 兒童 自評
Griffith Empathy Measure reflective/formative 兒童 自評他人
Other Dyadic Perspective-Taking scale 無題目可判斷 一般人 自評他人
Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale reflective
  • 一般人
  • 青少年
自評
questionnaire measure of emotional empathy (QMEE) reflective 一般人 自評
Hogan's empathy scale reflective 一般人 自評
The cognitive, affective and somatic empathy scales reflective 一般人 -
empathy scale for teachers (EST) reflective teacher 自評

參考文獻

主要

Hemmerdinger, J. M., Stoddart, S. D., & Lilford, R. J. (2007). A systematic review of tests of empathy in medicine. BMC Medical Education, 7(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-7-24

Ilgunaite, G., Giromini, L., & Girolamo, M. D. (n.d.). Measuring empathy: A literature review of available tools. 28.

Neumann, David. L., Chan, R. C. K., Boyle, Gregory. J., Wang, Y., & Rae Westbury, H. (2015). Measures of Empathy. In Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 257–289). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00010-3

Yu, J., & Kirk, M. (2009). Evaluation of empathy measurement tools in nursing: Systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(9), 1790–1806. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05071.x

其他相關文獻

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